The process of creating small holes in the soil to improve air, water, and nutrient movement to the roots.

A plant (grass or flower) that completes its life cycle within one year and needs re-sowing annually.

An area of lawn where grass has died, leaving exposed soil.

Wildflowers that take two years to complete their life cycle, flowering in the second year.

The variety of plant and animal life in an environment; wildflowers help increase it.

Spreading seed or fertiliser evenly over an area by hand or with a spreader.

A carrier material, like sand, mixed with seed to make sowing easier

When soil becomes tightly packed, reducing drainage and root growth.

The removal of thatch (a layer of dead grass and roots) from the lawn to promote healthy growth.

A natural resting phase when grass stops growing due to cold or dry conditions.

How easily water moves through the soil; poor drainage can cause moss or waterlogging

The phase when new seedlings grow strong enough to survive on their own

A mix of nutrients that promotes healthy plant and grass growth.

The process where a seed begins to sprout and grow into a plant.

The natural home or environment where plants and wildlife thrive

A lawn blend designed to tolerate frequent use, ideal for families and pets.

A lightweight mower that floats on a cushion of air, ideal for uneven ground.

A fertiliser specifically formulated for lawns, promoting lush, green growth

Restoring a tired or damaged lawn through overseeding, aeration, or feeding.

A fairly sizable, natural or sown area of grass and wildflowers that supports pollinators and wildlife

The removal or prevention of moss, often with iron sulphate or scarification

Returning finely cut grass clippings to the soil to retain moisture and nutrients.

Plants that naturally occur in a particular region and support local ecosystems

Sowing new grass seed into an existing lawn to thicken and rejuvenate it

A plant (grass or flowers) that regrows every year without needing to be reseeded

A measure of soil acidity or alkalinity; most grasses prefer a neutral to slightly acidic pH

A young wildflower plant grown in a small plug of soil, ready to be transplanted

Insects such as bees, butterflies, and hoverflies that transfer pollen between flowers

The process of removing thatch and moss using a rake or machine to allow the grass to breathe

When plants naturally drop seeds that germinate and grow the following season

The arrangement of soil particles that affects drainage, root growth, and nutrient retention

The recommended amount of seed to sow per square metre for best results

A process of chilling seeds to mimic winter, helping some species germinate

The surface layer of a grassy area, including the grass and its roots

A layer of dead grass, roots, and debris that builds up on the soil surface.

 A fine layer of soil, compost, or sand applied to the surface to even out the lawn and improve health.

 When soil becomes saturated with water, preventing air from reaching the roots.

Unwanted plants that compete with grass or wildflowers for nutrients, space, and light.